Подключение PHP-FPM и Memcached к Nginx
На продакшен сервере у нас связка Nginx (отдает статику) + Apache (отдает динамику) + mod_php. Задумали отказаться от Apache, а заодно и подключить PHP в режиме FastCGI с помощью php-fpm, т.к. исследование показало прирост скорости.
Итак, Nginx – фронт-энд на 80 порту. PHP-FPM – бекэнд на 9091 порту.Memcached на 11211 порту машины.
Конфиг Nginx:
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# PHP-FPM (backend) upstream php-fpm { server 127.0.0.1:9010; } # Конфиг Nginx (frontend) server { # Порт, принимаемые HOST и путь к сайту listen 80; server_name www.site.com site.com; set $root_path '/home/andrey/site.com'; root $root_path; # Пути к логам access_log /var/log/nginx/site.com/access1.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/site.com/error1.log error; # Запросы непосредственно .php-файлов, например утилит или index.php (не кэшируются) location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $root_path/$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $root_path; # этот параметр нужен несмотря на root в секции server fastcgi_pass php-fpm; } # Копия предыдущего для internal переадресации location @phpscripts { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $root_path/$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $root_path; # этот параметр нужен несмотря на root в секции server fastcgi_pass php-fpm; } # Остальные запросы также идут на PHP-FPM, если $uri не существует (через memcache) location / { add_header Content-Type "text/html"; root $root_path; # Проверки для кэширования set $cachable 1; # не кэшировать пост if ($request_method = POST ) { set $cachable 0; break; } # авторизованные if ($http_cookie ~ "PHPSESSID") { set $cachable 0; break; } if ($cachable = 1) { set $memcached_key 'nginx_$host$uri?$args'; memcached_pass 127.0.0.1:11211; } error_page 404 502 504 405 = @php; } # Веб-приложение location @php { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $root_path/index.php; fastcgi_pass php-fpm; } # Переопеределение 502 ошибки error_page 502 = /502.html; location = /502.html { root $root_path/misc/errors/; } # Для js, css, swf, ico location ~* \.(css|js|swf|ico)$ { root $root_path; access_log off; expires 30d; } # Защита от просмотра .htaccess и .htpasswd файлов location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } # Защита от просмотра svn-файлов location ~ /.svn/ { deny all; } # Для ресайза изображений, загруженных пользователями location /public/uploads/ { if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(/public/uploads/pictures/[^/]+/\d+x\d+/[^/]+) http://$http_host/utils/image_resize.php?image_path=$1 last; return 404; } } # Для ресайзинга изображений из папки /images location /public/images/ { if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(/public/images/[^/]+/\d+x\d+/[^/]+) http://$http_host/utils/image_resize.php?image_path=$1 last; return 404; } } # Статус запросы (/status) и пинг(/ping) запросы от системы мониторинга location ~ ^/(status|ping)$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9010; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } } |
Конфиг PHP5-FPM:
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install ; prefix. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. ; include=/etc/fpm/conf/*.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Default Value: none pid = /var/run/php5-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; Default Value: /var/log/php5-fpm.log error_log = /var/log/php5-fpm.log ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of '0' means 'Off'. ; Default Value: 0 emergency_restart_threshold=10 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 emergency_restart_interval=60 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 process_control_timeout=5 ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes daemonize = yes ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening ; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :) ; Start a new pool named 'www'. [www] ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests. ; Valid syntaxes are: ; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on ; a specific port; ; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a ; specific port; ; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket. ; Note: This value is mandatory. listen = 127.0.0.1:9010 ; listen = /tmp/php-fpm.socket ; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of '-1' means unlimited. ; Default Value: -1 ;listen.backlog = -1 ; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect. ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be ; accepted from any ip address. ; Default Value: any ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user ; mode is set to 0666 ;listen.owner = www-data ;listen.group = www-data ;listen.mode = 0666 ; Unix user/group of processes ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group ; will be used. user = www-data group = www-data ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes. ; Possible Values: ; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes; ; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the ; following directives: ; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can ; be alive at the same time. ; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup. ; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is less than this ; number then some children will be created. ; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of 'idle' processes is greater than this ; number then some children will be killed. ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm = dynamic ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the ; maximum number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'dynamic'. ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork. ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP ; CGI. ; Note: Used when pm is set to either 'static' or 'dynamic' ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm.max_children = 50 ; The number of child processes created on startup. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2 pm.start_servers = 20 ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.min_spare_servers = 5 ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic' pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning. ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For ; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS. ; Default Value: 0 pm.max_requests = 0 ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be ; recognized as a status page. By default, the status page shows the following ; information: ; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool; ; pool - the name of the pool; ; process manager - static or dynamic; ; idle processes - the number of idle processes; ; active processes - the number of active processes; ; total processes - the number of idle + active processes. ; The values of 'idle processes', 'active processes' and 'total processes' are ; updated each second. The value of 'accepted conn' is updated in real time. ; Example output: ; accepted conn: 12073 ; pool: www ; process manager: static ; idle processes: 35 ; active processes: 65 ; total processes: 100 ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either ; 'html' or 'json' as a query string will return the corresponding output ; syntax. Example: ; http://www.foo.bar/status ; http://www.foo.bar/status?json ; http://www.foo.bar/status?html ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set pm.status_path = /status ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such); ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing); ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7). ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ping.path = /ping ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code. ; Default Value: pong ping.response = pong ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will ; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_terminate_timeout = 0 ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be ; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 request_slowlog_timeout = 0 ; The log file for slow requests ; Default Value: /var/log/php5-fpm.log.slow slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/php5-fpm.log.slow ; Set open file descriptor rlimit. ; Default Value: system defined value rlimit_files = 4096 ; Set max core size rlimit. ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used. ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever ; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot ; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...). ; Default Value: not set ;chroot = ; Chdir to this directory at the start. This value must be an absolute path. ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot ;chdir = /var/www ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs. ; Default Value: no ;catch_workers_output = yes ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from ; the current environment. ; Default Value: clean env ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin ;env[TMP] = /tmp ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp ;env[TEMP] = /tmp ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the ; same as the PHP SAPI: ; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can ; be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'. ; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by ; PHP call 'ini_set' ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no. ; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from ; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value ; instead. ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and ; specified at startup with the -d argument ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com ;php_flag[display_errors] = off ;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log ;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 512M |
Лучше локейшены делать с префиксами: http://stproject.info/blog/?p=984
location /public/ {
location /uploads/ {
}
location /images/ {
}
}
Только начальный слэш во вложенных локейшенах лишний, вроде как, хотя точно не уверен)
Обновил конфиг. Теперь php-fpm подключен через upstream, что позволит добавить сервера для распределения нагрузки.
Зачем в конфиге столько закомментированных строк? 🙂 Ещё и подсветкой не выделяются, хрен проберешься.
Если вы про конфиг php5-fpm, то это практически оригинальный файл, который был в пакете. Комментарии соответственно поставлены автором, и сделано это как и во многих других nix-конфигах, чтобы можно было просто раскомментировать нужные строчки. Я оставил его в таком виде, чтобы было проще ориентироваться по оригинальному файлу.
А где memcached?
Сорри, старую версию конфига разместил. Обновил статью.
Ошибка в конфиге, с портом php-fpm